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There are two kinds of medications that are used to treat ADHD which are stimulants and non-stimulants. These drugs can reduce symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention by altering the chemical levels in the brain.
Psychiatrists carefully titrate these medications to determine the right dose for each patient. They also evaluate the side effects frequently to ensure that the dosage is effective.
Stimulants
As the name suggests, stimulants are a broad category of drugs that enhance activity in the central nervous system. They are commonly used to enhance alertness as well as wakefulness, awareness, motivation, cognition, and arousal, aswell as improve mood and productivity. Stimulants (also known as psychostimulants, or uppers) are present in a wide range of everyday substances, like nicotine, caffeine, cocaine, amphetamines, and methylphenidate.
Currently, methylphenidate has become the most popular drug treatment for people who suffer from ADHD. Methylphenidate boosts activity in brain areas that are involved with controlling behavior and attention. Methylphenidate comes in immediate-release tablets that must be taken two to three times a day or modified-release tablets which can be taken only once per week and release an amount of the drug throughout the day.
According to the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), the drug lisdexamfetamine has also been proven effective in managing adult ADHD however it might not be as well-tolerated. NICE recommends it as a secondary line medication or as a treatment option to be added to other treatments.
Other treatments for adult ADHD include psychological interventions, such as cognitive behavioural therapy as well as interpersonal psychotherapy. Psychological treatment has been shown to help reduce symptoms of ADHD and improve functioning especially in the workplace. Unfortunately, a lack of funding and service capacity can mean that those suffering from ADHD often do not receive the psychological support they need.
A recent study conducted nationally by researchers from the University of Exeter highlights huge variations in access to treatment for ADHD for adults. The results show that many people are not getting the treatment they need most often because they can't be referred by their GP for an assessment. This could be because the GP doesn't believe the person is suffering from ADHD or believe that their problems are due to a different condition like depression or anxiety.
If you're having trouble getting an appointment, you can obtain an independent assessment through the NHS or private healthcare. You could also get assistance from a local self-help organization or charity. Some of these organizations offer workshops for adults with ADHD or offer information and resources to their members. In addition, if struggle to work due to your ADHD you could be eligible for financial aid through the Department for Work and Pensions Access to Work scheme. This could help you pay for special equipment or workplace adaptations. Visit the government website for more details. It is important to note, that not everyone who makes use of these services succeeds in applying for the funding. It could take a long time or even several years to be able to gain a place in the scheme. You should be perseverant and patient in your application. If you're thinking of applying, it's worth discussing the matter with a professional prior to making your decision. They can provide more details on what is expected and how to create a strong application.